Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension in Childhood: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

  • Dr Eunice Chan, Children’s Neurosciences Centre, The Royal Children’s Hospital (Melbourne), Australia
  • Dr Monique Ryan, Children’s Neurosciences Centre, The Royal Children’s Hospital; University of Melbourne; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Australia
  • Dr Bernard Yan, Melbourne Neurology Group; Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension results from one or more spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and generally presents with severe and persisting orthostatic headache. Diagnosis can be difficult as spontaneous intracranial hypotension is very rare in childhood, and has a wide spectrum of clinical features and neuroimaging findings. Lumbar autologous epidural blood patch can be helpful for confirmation of diagnosis and symptom relief. We report a 15-year-old female with typical spontaneous intracranial hypotension who experienced immediate resolution of her symptoms following lumbar autologous epidural blood patch on two occasions, and review the literature on this well-recognized but probably under-diagnosed headache syndrome in childhood.